Essential PHP Security -PHP安全基础(中文版)
本书的原版为：
Essential PHP Security
By Chris Shiflett
Publisher: O’Reilly
Pub Date: October 2005
ISBN: 0-596-00656-X
Pages: 124
翻译：
PHP China ：alex (烂柯居士)
译者序：本书短小精捍，雅俗共赏，为了方便大家阅读中文，本人做了翻译，在www.phpchina.cn的原创和翻译专栏连载，第一稿翻译上有不通及谬误之处，请提出修改意见，谢了。
烂柯居士 上
如有问题，请Email: xuhuanchun@[……]
解决 PHPExcel 长数字串显示为科学计数
在excel中如果在一个默认的格中输入或复制超长数字字符串，它会显示为科学计算法，例如身份证号码，解决方法是把表格设置文本格式或在输入前加一个单引号。
使用PHPExcel来生成excel，也会遇到同样的问题，解决方法有三种：
1、设置单元格为文本
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$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel(); $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle('Simple'); //设置A3单元格为文本 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A3')->getNumberFormat() ->setFormatCode(PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::FORMAT_TEXT); //也可以设置整行或整列的style /* //E 列为文本 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E')->getNumberFormat() ->setFormatCode(PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::FORMAT_TEXT); //第三行为文本 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('3')->getNumberFormat() ->setFormatCode(PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::FORMAT_TEXT); |
更多的格式可以在PHPExcel/Style/NumberFormat.php中找到。注意：上述的设置对长数字字符串还是以文本方式来显示科学计数法的结果，原因可能php在处理大数字时采用的科学计数法。
2、在设置值的时候[……]
作为一个PHP开发者，现在是一个令人激动的时刻。每天有许许多多有用的库分发出来，在Github上很容易发现和使用这些库。下面是我曾经遇到过最酷的24个库。你最喜欢的库没有在这个列表里面？那就在评论中分享吧！
Dispatch是一个PHP小框架。它并没有给你完整的MVC设置，但你可以定义URL规则和方法，以便更好组织应用程序。这对API、简单的站点或原型来说是完美的。
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//包含库 include 'dispatch.php'; // 定义你的路由 get('/greet', function () { //渲染视图 render('greet-form'); }); //post处理 post('/greet', function () { $name = from($_POST, 'name'); // render a view while passing some locals render('greet-show', array('name' => $name)); }); // serve your site dispatch(); |
你可以匹配特定类型的HTTP请求和路径，渲染视图或做更多事情。如果你合并Dispatch和其他框架，那你就可以拥有一[……]
http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/29697b9132b52eab20de3ca8.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/jikey/p/3491798.html
http://blog.db89.org/phpstorm-default-shortcut/
http://hudeyong926.iteye.com/blog/1734768
chdir — 改变目录
chroot — 改变根目录
dir — directory 类
closedir — 关闭目录句柄
getcwd — 取得当前工作目录
opendir — 打开目录句柄
readdir — 从目录句柄中读取条目
rewinddir — 倒回目录句柄
scandir — 列出指定路径中的文件和目录
basename — 返回路径中的文件名部分
chgrp — 改变文件所属的组
chmod — 改变文件模式
chown — 改变文件的所有者
clearstatcache — 清除文件状态缓存[……]
操作excel
1.header
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header("Content-Type:application/vnd.ms-excel"); header("Content-Disposition:attachment;filename=product.xls"); header("Pragma:no-cache"); header("Expires:0"); |
2.PHPExcel
http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel
http://www.phpexcel.net
开发包Tests目录有详细使用实例
支持中文,注意文件编码,文件保存为utf-8
写excel
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//Include class require_once('Classes/PHPExcel.php'); require_once('Classes/PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php'); $objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel(); //Set properties 设置文件属性 $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("Maarten Balliauw"); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy("Maarten Balliauw"); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document"); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document"); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescription("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes."); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php"); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory("Test result file"); //Add some data 添加数据 $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A1', 'Hello');//可以指定位置 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A2', true); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A3', false); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B2', 'world!'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B3', 2); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C1', 'Hello'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('D2', 'world!'); //循环 for($i = 1;$i<200;$i++) { $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A' . $i, $i); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B' . $i, 'Test value'); } //日期格式化 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('D1', time()); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D1')->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::FORMAT_DATE_YYYYMMDDSLASH); //Add comment 添加注释 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getComment('E11')->setAuthor('PHPExcel'); $objCommentRichText = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getComment('E11')->getText()->createTextRun('PHPExcel:'); $objCommentRichText->getFont()->setBold(true); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getComment('E11')->getText()->createTextRun("\r\n"); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getComment('E11')->getText()->createTextRun('Total amount on the current invoice, excluding VAT.'); //Add rich-text string 添加文字 可设置样式 $objRichText = new PHPExcel_RichText( $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell('A18') ); $objRichText->createText('This invoice is '); $objPayable = $objRichText->createTextRun('payable within thirty days after the end of the month'); $objPayable->getFont()->setBold(true); $objPayable->getFont()->setItalic(true); $objPayable->getFont()->setColor( new PHPExcel_Style_Color( PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_DARKGREEN ) ); $objRichText->createText(', unless specified otherwise on the invoice.'); //Merge cells 合并分离单元格 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->mergeCells('A18:E22'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->unmergeCells('A18:E22'); //Protect cells 保护单元格 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setSheet(true);//Needs to be set to true in order to enable any worksheet protection! $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->protectCells('A3:E13', 'PHPExcel'); //Set cell number formats 数字格式化 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4')->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::FORMAT_CURRENCY_EUR_SIMPLE); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->duplicateStyle( $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4'), 'E5:E13' ); //Set column widths 设置列宽度 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('B')->setAutoSize(true); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('D')->setWidth(12); //Set fonts 设置字体 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setName('Candara'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setSize(20); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setBold(true); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setUnderline(PHPExcel_Style_Font::UNDERLINE_SINGLE); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_WHITE); //Set alignments 设置对齐 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D11')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A18')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_JUSTIFY); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A18')->getAlignment()->setVertical(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A3')->getAlignment()->setWrapText(true); //Set column borders 设置列边框 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A10')->getBorders()->getLeft()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E10')->getBorders()->getRight()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getLeft()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THICK); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getBottom()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THICK); //Set border colors 设置边框颜色 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getLeft()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getTop()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getBottom()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getRight()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300'); //Set fills 设置填充 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1')->getFill()->setFillType(PHPExcel_Style_Fill::FILL_SOLID); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1')->getFill()->getStartColor()->setARGB('FF808080'); //Add a hyperlink to the sheet 添加链接 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('E26', 'www.phpexcel.net'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell('E26')->getHyperlink()->setUrl('http://www.phpexcel.net'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell('E26')->getHyperlink()->setTooltip('Navigate to website'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E26')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT); //Add a drawing to the worksheet 添加图片 $objDrawing = new PHPExcel_Worksheet_Drawing(); $objDrawing->setName('Logo'); $objDrawing->setDescription('Logo'); $objDrawing->setPath('./images/officelogo.jpg'); $objDrawing->setHeight(36); $objDrawing->setCoordinates('B15'); $objDrawing->setOffsetX(110); $objDrawing->setRotation(25); $objDrawing->getShadow()->setVisible(true); $objDrawing->getShadow()->setDirection(45); $objDrawing->setWorksheet($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()); //Play around with inserting and removing rows and columns $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->insertNewRowBefore(6, 10); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->removeRow(6, 10); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->insertNewColumnBefore('E', 5); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->removeColumn('E', 5); //Add conditional formatting $objConditional1 = new PHPExcel_Style_Conditional(); $objConditional1->setConditionType(PHPExcel_Style_Conditional::CONDITION_CELLIS); $objConditional1->setOperatorType(PHPExcel_Style_Conditional::OPERATOR_LESSTHAN); $objConditional1->setCondition('0'); $objConditional1->getStyle()->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_RED); $objConditional1->getStyle()->getFont()->setBold(true); //Set autofilter 自动过滤 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setAutoFilter('A1:C9'); //Hide "Phone" and "fax" column 隐藏列 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('C')->setVisible(false); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('D')->setVisible(false); //Set document security 设置文档安全 $objPHPExcel->getSecurity()->setLockWindows(true); $objPHPExcel->getSecurity()->setLockStructure(true); $objPHPExcel->getSecurity()->setWorkbookPassword("PHPExcel"); //Set sheet security 设置工作表安全 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setPassword('PHPExcel'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setSheet(true);// This should be enabled in order to enable any of the following! $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setSort(true); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setInsertRows(true); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setFormatCells(true); //Calculated data 计算 echo 'Value of B14 [=COUNT(B2:B12)]: ' . $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell('B14')->getCalculatedValue() . "\r\n"; //Set outline levels $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('E')->setOutlineLevel(1); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('E')->setVisible(false); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('E')->setCollapsed(true); //Freeze panes $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->freezePane('A2'); //Rows to repeat at top $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()->setRowsToRepeatAtTopByStartAndEnd(1, 1); //Set data validation 验证输入值 $objValidation = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell('B3')->getDataValidation(); $objValidation->setType( PHPExcel_Cell_DataValidation::TYPE_WHOLE ); $objValidation->setErrorStyle( PHPExcel_Cell_DataValidation::STYLE_STOP ); $objValidation->setAllowBlank(true); $objValidation->setShowInputMessage(true); $objValidation->setShowErrorMessage(true); $objValidation->setErrorTitle('Input error'); $objValidation->setError('Number is not allowed!'); $objValidation->setPromptTitle('Allowed input'); $objValidation->setPrompt('Only numbers between 10 and 20 are allowed.'); $objValidation->setFormula1(10); $objValidation->setFormula2(20); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell('B3')->setDataValidation($objValidation); //Create a new worksheet, after the default sheet 创建新的工作标签 $objPHPExcel->createSheet(); $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(1); //Set header and footer. When no different headers for odd/even are used, odd header is assumed. 页眉页脚 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getHeaderFooter()->setOddHeader('&C&HPlease treat this document as confidential!'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getHeaderFooter()->setOddFooter('&L&B' . $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->getTitle() . '&RPage &P of &N'); //Set page orientation and size 方向大小 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()->setOrientation(PHPExcel_Worksheet_PageSetup::ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()->setPaperSize(PHPExcel_Worksheet_PageSetup::PAPERSIZE_A4); //Rename sheet 重命名工作表标签 $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle('Simple'); //Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0); //Save Excel 2007 file 保存 $objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel); $objWriter->save(str_replace('.php', '.xlsx', __FILE__)); //Save Excel 5 file 保存 require_once('Classes/PHPExcel/Writer/Excel5.php'); $objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel5($objPHPExcel); $objWriter->save(str_replace('.php', '.xls', __FILE__)); //1.6.2新版保存 require_once('Classes/PHPExcel/IOFactory.php'); $objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objPHPExcel, 'Excel2007'); $objWriter->save(str_replace('.php', '.xls', __FILE__)); |
读excel
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//Include class require_once('Classes/PHPExcel/Reader/Excel2007.php'); $objReader = new PHPExcel_Reader_Excel2007; $objPHPExcel = $objReader->load("05featuredemo.xlsx"); |
读写csv
[crayon-673f08a35ccb7001[……]
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<?php class Sqlite { var $link; var $querynum = 0; /*连接Sqlite数据库，参数：dbname->数据库名字*/ function Open($dbname) { if(!($this->link = @sqlite_open($dbname))) { $this->halt('Can not Open to Sqlite'); } } /*执行sql语句，返回对应的结果标识*/ function Query($sql) { $this->querynum++; if($query = @sqlite_query($this->link, $sql)) { return $query; } else { $this->halt('Sqlite Query Error', $sql); } } /*执行Insert Into语句，并返回最后的insert操作所产生的自动增长的id*/ function Insert($table, $iarr) { $value = $this->InsertSql($iarr); $this->Query('INSERT INTO "' . $table . '" ' . $value); return sqlite_last_insert_rowid($this->link); } /*执行Update语句，并返回最后的update操作所影响的行数*/ function Update($table, $uarr, $condition = '') { $value = $this->UpdateSql($uarr); if ($condition) { $condition = ' WHERE ' . $condition; } $this->Query('UPDATE "' . $table . '"' . ' SET ' . $value . $condition); return sqlite_changes($this->link); } /*执行Delete语句，并返回最后的Delete操作所影响的行数*/ function Delete($table, $condition = '') { if ($condition) { $condition = ' WHERE ' . $condition; } $this->Query('DELETE "' . $table . '"' . $condition); return sqlite_changes($this->link); } /*将字符转为可以安全保存的sqlite值，比如a'a转为a''a*/ /* function EnCode($str) { if (strpos($str, "\0") === false) { if (strpos($str, '\'') === false) { return $str; } else { return str_replace('\'', '\'\'', $str); } } else { $str = str_replace("\0", '', $str); if (strpos($str, '\'') === false) { return $str; } else { return str_replace('\'', '\'\'', $str); } } } */ function EnCode($str) { return sqlite_escape_string($str); } /*将可以安全保存的sqlite值转为正常的值，比如a''a转为a'a*/ function DeCode($str) { if(strpos($str, '\'\'') === false) { return $str; } else { return str_replace('\'\'', '\'', $str); } } /*将对应的列和值生成对应的insert语句，如：array('id' => 1, 'name' => 'name')返回("id", "name") VALUES (1, 'name')*/ function InsertSql($iarr) { if (is_array($iarr)) { $fstr = ''; $vstr = ''; foreach ($iarr as $key => $val) { $fstr .= '"' . $key . '", '; $vstr .= '\'' . $val . '\', '; } if ($fstr) { $fstr = '(' . substr($fstr, 0, -2) . ')'; $vstr = '(' . substr($vstr, 0, -2) . ')'; return $fstr . ' VALUES ' . $vstr; } else { return ''; } } else { return ''; } } /*将对应的列和值生成对应的insert语句，如：array('id' => 1, 'name' => 'name')返回"id" = 1, "name" = 'name'*/ function UpdateSql($uarr) { if (is_array($uarr)) { $ustr = ''; foreach ($uarr as $key => $val) { $ustr .= '"' . $key . '" = \'' . $val . '\', '; } if ($ustr) { return substr($ustr, 0, -2); } else { return ''; } } else { return ''; } } /*返回对应的查询标识的结果的一行*/ function GetRow($query, $result_type = SQLITE_ASSOC) { return sqlite_fetch_array($query, $result_type); } /*清空查询结果所占用的内存资源*/ function Clear($query) { $query = null; return true; } /*关闭数据库*/ function Close() { return sqlite_close($this->link); } function halt($message = '', $sql = '') { $ei = sqlite_last_error($this->link); $message .= '<br />Sqlite Error: ' . $ei . ', ' . sqlite_error_string($ei); if ($sql) { $sql = '<br />sql:' . $sql; } exit('DataBase Error.<br />Message: ' . $message . $sql); } } ?> |
安装php5.3后，以前写的代码，很多地方报错。原来是php对于语法检测更为严格。
对于任何一个未声明的变量都会报错。
根治方法：在使用变量前都先声明。
临时方法：对于已经写了的程序如果 变量比较多，可以修改php.ini文件
register_argc_argv = On
error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE
__FILE__:代表__FILE__所在文件的绝对路径
__DIR__:=dirname(__FILE__),这是php5.3之后才出现的
getcwd();获得当前工作路径
chdir($newdir):改变工作路径,前提是$newdir存在,但是chdir所在文件本身不会移动
dirname():求文件所在目录的路径
basename():获取文件名
realpath():将相对路径转换为绝对路径
实例文件C:\zentao\www\test.php(存在www\azhiweb)
<?php
echo __FILE__;echo ‘<br />’;[……]